What term is used to describe individuals who have difficulty understanding or speaking English fluently?

The term "Limited English Proficiency" specifically refers to individuals who experience challenges in understanding or speaking English at a fluent level. This designation is often used in contexts such as healthcare, education, and social services to identify those who require additional language support for effective communication.

By recognizing individuals as having limited English proficiency, healthcare providers and educators can implement appropriate resources, such as translators or language programs, to assist these individuals, ensuring that their needs are met and that they can effectively engage with services available to them.

The other options describe different concepts. A language barrier typically refers to the challenges that arise when two parties speak different languages and cannot communicate effectively. Cognitive impairment refers to a decline in cognitive function, affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning skills, while a communication disorder encompasses a broader range of difficulties related to speech and language, not necessarily tied to language proficiency. Thus, "Limited English Proficiency" is the most accurate term for individuals specifically struggling with fluency in English.