What condition is characterized by inflammation in the hip joint and often seen in pre-pubescent children?

Transient synovitis is a condition commonly seen in pre-pubescent children that involves inflammation of the synovial membrane in the hip joint. This inflammation is typically self-limiting and can arise without any specific viral or bacterial infection. The presentation often includes hip pain, a limp, and sometimes an accompanying fever, although fever may not always be present. The condition most frequently affects children between the ages of 3 and 10 years and is more common in boys than girls.

Clinical evaluation may demonstrate a limited range of motion and tenderness in the hip area during physical examination. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, can help rule out other serious conditions and confirm the presence of joint effusion, which further supports the diagnosis of transient synovitis.

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, while also a condition affecting the hip in children, differs significantly as it involves avascular necrosis of the femoral head rather than just inflammation of the synovial membrane. Septic arthritis is caused by an infection and presents with more severe systemic symptoms, often requiring immediate medical intervention. Iliotibial band syndrome typically pertains to a condition affecting runners and is related to overuse, not a pediatric inflammatory condition of the hip joint.